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Nov. 23, 2009
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Nov. 19, 2009
Binyamin L. Jolkovsky: Please Listen to this Godcast (5 minutes)
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Nov. 18, 2009
Rabbi Yonason Goldson: What Judaism has to say about the secret of the Mona Lisa's smile
JWisdom.com: The (Jewish) Dating Game with Rabbi Lawrence Hajioff (8 minutes)
Nov. 17, 2009
Steven Emerson: How Does the 4th Amendment Impact Terror Finance Investigations?
JWisdom.com: If Frank Sinatra married Edith Piaf with Rabbi Y.Y. Rubinstein (2 minutes) Life lessons from what would be regarded as the most inappropriate lyrics ever sung
Nov. 16, 2009
The Jewish Ethicist by Rabbi Dr. Asher Meir : When borrowing is stealing
JWisdom.com: Deconstructing faith with Rabbi Warren Goldstein (9 minutes)
Nov. 13, 2009
JWisdom.com Sarah's subjective reality with Rabbi Sroy Levitansky ( 6 minutes)
Caroline B. Glick: Obama's failure, Netanyahu's opportunity
Nov. 12, 2009
The Kosher Gourmet By Marialisa Calta : A sweet sweet potato treat
JWisdom.com Does God get tired? with Rabbi Harvey Belovski ( 5 minutes)
Nov. 11, 2009
Rabbi Avi Shafran: Jews and money: When anti-Semitism isn't
JWisdom.com Marriages are not made in Heaven with Rabbi Lawrence Hajioff (VERY fast 15 minutes)
Nov. 10, 2009
Michael Doyle: Author of book exposing CAIR ordered to remove supporting documents from Web
JWisdom.com If the creation so loudly shouts the existence of the Creator, why aren't more people believers? with Rabbi Naftali Brawer (9 minutes)
Nov. 9, 2009
Mark Steyn: Shooter exposes hole in U.S. terror strategy
JWisdom.com It's never too late to have a happy childhood with Sarah Chana Radcliffe (5 minutes)
Nov. 6, 2009
Rabbi Berel Wein: Choosing to hear
JWisdom.com Zero to 1/60th: How to Empower An Hour with Gavriel Aryeh Sande (7 minutes)
Caroline B. Glick The mullahs' big week
Suzanne Fields A Fallen Wall for Fallen Man
Nov. 5, 2009
The Kosher Gourmet: Three scrumptious -- but simple -- butternut squash dishes
JWisdom.com Hidden Hints: Unlocking Faith & Prayer with Rabbi Jay Yaacov Schwartz (10 minutes)
Nov. 4, 2009
Tom Hamburger and Kim Geiger: Should prayers be covered?
JWisdom.com When God played peacemaker With Rabbi Sroy Levitansky (5 minutes)
Nov. 3, 2009
Martin Peretz: Beware, Barack. Beware, Rahm. Beware, Axelrod
JWisdom.com Are you are closet idolater? With Sara Yoheved Rigler (10 minutes)
Nov. 2, 2009
Paul Greenberg: The Holocaust is now on Facebook
JWisdom.com Abraham's Strange Change With Rabbi Yitzchok Fingerer (5 minutes)
Oct. 29, 2003
Mortimer B. Zuckerman: Graffiti On History's Walls (MUST-READ!)

Jewish World Review April 28, 2005 / 19 Nissan, 5765

Pharaoh: Should a person be punished for doing something when he had no choice?

By Rabbi Abraham J. Twerski


“But I shall harden Pharaoh’s heart and I shall multiply My signs and My wonders in the land of Egypt.”

  —   Exodus 7:3


http://www.JewishWorldReview.com | Virtually all the commentaries struggle with this question: If G-d hardened Pharaoh’s heart so that he would not yield after each punishment, what justification was there for further punishment? Can a person be punished for doing something when he had no choice? It may be chutzpah, but I would like to suggest an answer which was not available to the commentaries.



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First, G-d did not harden Pharaoh’s heart for the first five plagues. In these the Torah says, "Pharaoh’s heart was hardened." It was not until the sixth plague that G-d hardened Pharaoh’s heart.


Forty years of working with alcoholics enabled me to understand Pharaoh’s obstinacy. The alcoholic can suffer blow after blow, each time swearing off drinking: "I will never touch another drop as long as I live!" Invariably, he resumes drinking soon afterward.


I recall one man whose drinking resulted in severe pancreatitis, which caused such horrific pain that it was not relieved even by morphine. He cried bitterly, "If you can only get me over this pain, Doc, I swear I will never, never even look at alcohol."


Three weeks after being released from the hospital, he was drunk.


Alcoholics who go through the ordeal of a liver transplant may drink at their first visit outside of the hospital.


Pharaoh acted like a typical alcoholic. When he felt the distress of a plague, he pleaded with Moses, promising to send out the Israelites. No sooner was the plague removed, than he retracted.


To me, this behavior is not at all unusual. But what happened with the sixth plague? It appears that if G-d had not hardened Pharaoh’s heart, he would have yielded. In order to explain this, you must bear with me while I describe a case.


Jim was a very bright, resourceful young man, who got a job with a major construction firm. He was so efficient that he received promotion after promotion, eventually becoming second in command to the CEO at an unprecedented young age.


Jim drank excessively, and his wife’s appeals fell on deaf ears. When she told him that she could no longer tolerate it, he said that she was free to leave. She took their three young daughters and left.


Jim continued to work, but eventually the drinking impaired his performance. When his peers pointed this out to him, he said, "They’re just jealous of my position."


One day the CEO fired him.


Jim would sit in the tavern, expecting that any moment a head-hunter would recruit him to be the CEO of a Fortune-500 firm. He drank away all his savings, then drank away his home, then drank away his car and lived on welfare.


At age 49, Jim admitted himself to my hospital. He was down, yet the next day he signed himself out of the hospital against medical advice.


Two years later, Jim was back.


"I know you’re mad at me, Doc," he said, "for walking out on you last time."


I said, "Jim, you walked out on yourself, not on me."


Jim nodded. "I’ll do anything you say."


I asked Jim, "What makes you more ready now than two years ago?"


Jim responded, "You know what you get for selling your blood? Sixteen beers."


"When you sell for blood for beer, that is hitting rock-bottom," I said.


Jim shook his head. "No, Doc," he said. "I’ve been doing that for a year."


"Then what brought you in today rather than a year ago?" I asked.


Jim said, "When I was with the firm, I practically ran the United Way drive myself. This past week I’ve been panhandling quarters on Liberty Avenue. I can’t live with that."


Every alcoholic has his individually unique "rock-bottom" which is the point at which he recovers. Jim’s loss of his family, his home and his car; sleeping in doorways; and even selling his blood for alcohol were not his rock-bottom. Begging quarters was.


Here is the crucial point to understand. If, due to pressure, the alcoholic stops drinking before he has reached his particular rock-bottom, he generally relapses.


Sustained recovery occurs only if the person has reached what was for him rockbottom.


My purpose in this commentary is not to just cite explanations of the Torah, but rather to derive teachings that we can apply in our own lives.


We all have a bit of the alcoholic’s tendencies within us. We resolve that we will not repeat a wrong act, and after a period of time elapses, we do it again. Have you never said, "I will never again allow myseIf to lose my temper like that?" And what happened?


If instead of simply making a promise not to lose control of our temper, we did some serious, persistent study of the mussar (ethical) works on rage, until we felt so crushed by the evil of rage that this episode constituted a "rock-bottom," we could make the necessary character transformation so that we would not subsequently relapse.


We should not need to wait for a tragic, destructive "rock-bottom" to bring us to our senses.

Every weekday JewishWorldReview.com publishes uplifting articles. Sign up for the daily JWR update. It's free. Just click here.

Rabbi Abraham J. Twerski, M.D. is a psychiatrist and ordained rabbi. He is the founder of the Gateway Rehabilitation Center in Pittsburgh, a leading center for addiction treatment. An Associate Professor of Psychiatry at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, he is a prolific author, with some 30 books to his credit.

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