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Jewish World Review
May 4, 2006
/ 6 Iyar, 5766
Moussaoui: Wrong court, wrong debate
By
Walid Phares
http://www.JewishWorldReview.com |
Should we be surprised by the watershed debate following Zacarias Moussaoui's trial ending? Not really.
The jury rendering of its recommendation is not unusual throughout the American legal war with Terrorism:
For the five years court struggle to try al Qaida members and other terrorists in the US legal structure
hasn't been working. After the classroom, America's court room is too alien to the conflict. In short
Moussaoui's case is not the only one to display a systemic crisis, all other cases did and will continue to
do. My take on it, as an analyst of past and future terror wars, can be simplified: The terrorists are processed
in the wrong courts and our debate on this legal process is the wrong debate.
Let me be clear from the beginning: The issue I am raising is not about the death sentence or life in prison sentencing. That part
should have been the last stage in the debate: The one that seals the sentencing logic, not the discussion that makes the debate. The
Moussaoui trial is not about the principle of common criminal sentencing per se; it is about criminalizing Terrorism and its root
ideologies. Here are few points that make my analytical case:
2. The victims of September 11, 2001 weren't selected by al Qaida, or even by the perpetrators — including Moussaoui —
personally. The men, women and children massacred throughout that day of infamy are the targets of a Terror war on America not
vandalism on two towers in New York and a large building in Washington. Terrorism could have targeted other high rises and
objectives in different cities. The matter is not an individual vendetta between Moussaoui and the 3,000 persons Mohammed Atta
and his Jihadists have killed. America was targeted as a nation for the purpose of genocide. As a massacred collectivity, the victims
of 9/11 belong to the nation not to their relatives. As individuals the victims are profoundly mourned by all Americans and above
all by their survivors. So who tried al Qaida on behalf of the nation?
3. Moussaoui is part of machinery larger than himself. In the 9/11 planning process, he is not a sole mechanism acting
individually. He was executing orders by al Qaida and had the intention of carrying them out. He is a nucleus that fell behind, in a
wider cell that moved forward. His relation to the massacre is not pragmatic but mechanical. Hence the judicial process of finding
out if he caused or not, the process of specific deaths of 9/11 is not the issue: For he has openly admitted, and it was proven, that he
was part of the machinery put in place to perpetrate the massacre. That he slipped, failed or missed his opportunity is only one fact
within a greater reality: his commitment to achieve the mass-killing and his participation in a chain of event that led to it, even if he
didn't walk through the last part of the horror.
4. More seriously is the current system ability to process the Terror cases: Per my own experience and open documents available,
most of the players in a current court room setting are often unable to absorb the density of the confrontation. The Jury, made of
ordinary citizens, generally do not comprehend the ideology of the Jihadists, hence can't make a strategically educated
decision, not on the sentencing process but on the essence of the war crime at hand. US Judges are highly capable of controlling the
procedure in their court rooms but haven't been enabled by the system to try a war with Jihadi terror, if not specialized in
Salafism, Khumeinism and other movements' strategies, thinking process or even tactics. Prosecutors as well are thrown into
battles of ideas beyond their basic training. In the Moussaoui case, the jury asked for a dictionary, refused by the judge. The
question deserves an answer.
5. As for the defense lawyers, and I was one in the past, in the absence of specialized courts, they would twist history and
geopolitics to achieve a legitimate goal: win their case. But instead of focusing on proving the innocence of their clients and
distancing him/her from the enemy, they tend to defend the ideology of their client, putting themselves in the wrong side of the war
their nation is victim of.
These above five facts and many more to develop in the future constitute the basis of US failure in the courts processing of
Jihadism-related Terror cases. What is needed for future successes is the following:
a. That Congress identifies the ideologies of the Terrorists. In the heels of many congressional hearings which already produced
significant bipartisan consensus, as well as in several speeches by the President since last September, the country not so far from
identifying the missing link. Simply speaking: educate the jury, the judges, the prosecutors and the defense attorneys, as to who is
the enemy and what is its ideology. The rest should flow as American justice at its best, impartial and fair.
b. As in France and Spain, train "Counter-Terrorism Judges." From Paris to Madrid, these bright specialized men and women
have all the tools they need to decide on procedures deemed appropriate to prosecute and ultimately try the Terrorists at war with
democracies. A similar training could provide the Justice Department with "Counter Terrorism Prosecutors." In a sum, all
players in the court room must at some point be acquainted with what they will have to reflect on, in Terrorism cases.
The debate on the Moussaoui case won't stop nationwide and beyond in view of the progressive realization by most Americans
and many citizens of other democracies that this case will be a benchmark in the history of the judicial front with Terror. Therefore,
it is important to avoid Byzantine debates and reserve the energies to the center of the crisis not its peripheries. Consider for
example how the "martyrdom" affair plays in the Salafist chat rooms: "These Kuffars (infidels) are easy to dupe," said a
cadre in the al-Ansar Paltalk room few months ago. "All you have to do is to play their akhlaq (ethics) or lead them to believe that
we are busat'a (simple minded).
That's what Zacarias was able to achieve, alone against the whole American political culture: First, he dramatized his personal
life to the extreme, leading some to believe that his past was the root cause for his violent choices. While in fact the ideology that
recruited him was responsible for the Jihad he chose to practice. Second, he dramatized his stance to the limits by threatening to
throw himself into the death row and force the jury to retreat into psychological guilt. Indeed, one al Qaida man, initial member of
the 9/11 Ghazwa (terror-raid) single handedly outmaneuvered the jury, the court and potentially the public. By transforming the
judicial challenge into a debate about "death penalty" and all the American psychological consequences that follows,
Zacharias Moussaoui deflected the attention from the real mammoth in the courtroom: The ideology of Salafi Jihadism. Instead of
trying the "criminal ideology" he acted on behalf, America fell into the trap of struggling with itself as a merciful or revengeful
society.
Moussaoui feels he won all the way, even if he got life in prison. He played the martyrdom card till his audience nauseated. He then
played his personal life card till he obtained the mitigating factor. He played it tight, close, and smartly. His colleagues brought
down towers five years ago, but Moussaoui administered another type of strikes against his foes: Defeating them through their own
system.
What the court room in Virginia missed in its trial of the decade was the factory that produced Moussaoui's mind. A life
sentence is not necessarily a bad choice in democracies, or the wrong message to send when needed, if the nation the jury came
from is enabled to cast a death sentence on the ideologies of hatred.
Every weekday JewishWorldReview.com publishes what many in in the media and Washington consider "must-reading". Sign up for the daily JWR update. It's free. Just click here.
JWR contributor Dr. Walid Phares is a Senior Fellow with the Foundation for the Defense of Democracies in Washington and a Professor of Comparative Politics.
He is the author of Future Jihad. Dr Phares practiced as a defense lawyer in the 1980s and served as a Jihadism Expert in Terrorism cases in the
US and Europe after 2001. Comment by clicking here.
Archives
© 2006, Dr. Walid Phares
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