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Nov. 19, 2009
Binyamin L. Jolkovsky: Please Listen to this Godcast (5 minutes)
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JWisdom.com: The (Jewish) Dating Game with Rabbi Lawrence Hajioff (8 minutes)
Nov. 17, 2009
Steven Emerson: How Does the 4th Amendment Impact Terror Finance Investigations?
JWisdom.com: If Frank Sinatra married Edith Piaf with Rabbi Y.Y. Rubinstein (2 minutes) Life lessons from what would be regarded as the most inappropriate lyrics ever sung
Nov. 16, 2009
The Jewish Ethicist by Rabbi Dr. Asher Meir : When borrowing is stealing
JWisdom.com: Deconstructing faith with Rabbi Warren Goldstein (9 minutes)
Nov. 13, 2009
JWisdom.com Sarah's subjective reality with Rabbi Sroy Levitansky ( 6 minutes)
Caroline B. Glick: Obama's failure, Netanyahu's opportunity
Nov. 12, 2009
The Kosher Gourmet By Marialisa Calta : A sweet sweet potato treat
JWisdom.com Does God get tired? with Rabbi Harvey Belovski ( 5 minutes)
Nov. 11, 2009
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JWisdom.com Marriages are not made in Heaven with Rabbi Lawrence Hajioff (VERY fast 15 minutes)
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JWisdom.com If the creation so loudly shouts the existence of the Creator, why aren't more people believers? with Rabbi Naftali Brawer (9 minutes)
Nov. 9, 2009
Mark Steyn: Shooter exposes hole in U.S. terror strategy
JWisdom.com It's never too late to have a happy childhood with Sarah Chana Radcliffe (5 minutes)
Nov. 6, 2009
Rabbi Berel Wein: Choosing to hear
JWisdom.com Zero to 1/60th: How to Empower An Hour with Gavriel Aryeh Sande (7 minutes)
Caroline B. Glick The mullahs' big week
Suzanne Fields A Fallen Wall for Fallen Man
Nov. 5, 2009
The Kosher Gourmet: Three scrumptious -- but simple -- butternut squash dishes
JWisdom.com Hidden Hints: Unlocking Faith & Prayer with Rabbi Jay Yaacov Schwartz (10 minutes)
Nov. 4, 2009
Tom Hamburger and Kim Geiger: Should prayers be covered?
JWisdom.com When God played peacemaker With Rabbi Sroy Levitansky (5 minutes)
Nov. 3, 2009
Martin Peretz: Beware, Barack. Beware, Rahm. Beware, Axelrod
JWisdom.com Are you are closet idolater? With Sara Yoheved Rigler (10 minutes)
Nov. 2, 2009
Paul Greenberg: The Holocaust is now on Facebook
JWisdom.com Abraham's Strange Change With Rabbi Yitzchok Fingerer (5 minutes)
Oct. 29, 2003
Mortimer B. Zuckerman: Graffiti On History's Walls (MUST-READ!)

Jewish World Review May 23, 2006 / 30 Sivan, 5766

Quit protesting, profs!

By Niall Ferguson


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http://www.JewishWorldReview.com | It's exam time. I have spent much of the last week marking final papers written by undergraduates and graduates. I would guess I have been doing this kind of thing for more than 15 years now at four universities — Cambridge, Oxford, New York and now Harvard.


There have been times when I confess I haven't much enjoyed it. This year, however, examining has been a positive pleasure. This has been my first semester of teaching Harvard undergraduates, and I now understand why so many of them get A's. It's not all due to "grade inflation" by overgenerous professors, as critics have sometimes alleged. So many of these papers are outstanding that it's hard to impose a rigid distribution, imposing C's or worse on the lower third.


Returning to England, I had rather expected to find my British counterparts toiling under comparable circumstances. But no. In pursuit of a pay claim by the Assn. of University Teachers, a substantial proportion of the lecturers at British universities are refusing to grade examinations.


Now, I don't claim to be the perfect prof. But, busy though I have been in the last week, it would never have occurred to me not to get my final papers graded, whatever the circumstances. My students have worked hard this semester. Some of them are about to graduate and cannot do so if I don't deliver. Even if it means one more cup of coffee and one less hour of sleep, that last paper — all 21 pages of it — is going to get read and graded.


So I am frankly disgusted by the spectacle of dons downing tools. It's proof that those concerned are not professionals at all but merely a kind of academic proletariat who conceive of their institutions as nothing more than degree factories. If I were a student, I'd be furious. And many are, in a wonderful inversion of the late 1960s, demanding that their protesting professors get back to work.


This go-slow is more than merely irresponsible, however. It's also absurdly unrealistic. Professors are demanding a 23% pay hike over the next three years. Where do they think British universities are going to find this money? The fact of the matter is that British higher education is close to broke as a direct consequence of a massive expansion that has been systematically underfunded.

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In 1979, the proportion of British teenagers who went on to higher education was just 12%. Today, the proportion is close to 45%. But because British universities depend overwhelmingly on the state for funding, the resources available per student have declined steeply.


In essence, Britain has a National Higher Education Service, and it is afflicted with many of the ills that afflict the National Health Service — among them, chronically underpaid staff. On average, professorial pay is less than half what it is in the United States, which is one reason why so many British academics have migrated across the Atlantic in recent years. But the idea that this problem can simply be solved with a whopping pay raise misses the point.


There is a reason why higher education expenditures in the United States amount to 3% of gross domestic product, while in Britain it is just 1%. The reason is private funding. Harvard's $26-billion endowment alone exceeds the assets of all British universities combined — by a factor of roughly two. Oxford and Cambridge, the wealthiest of British universities, would rank roughly 15th on the U.S. rich list if they were somehow relocated across the Atlantic.


Ah, I hear you object, but what about those enormous fees? And it's true that annual tuition and fees at Harvard total more than $32,000. But — and here's the key point — not if you can't afford it. Because Harvard is rich, it can follow a "needs-blind" admissions policy, based purely on academic criteria. If you get in and your family turns out to be poor, it's free. That can't be claimed by any British institution. Oxford and Cambridge scholarships were long ago so eroded by inflation that they are now purely honorific.


Does it matter that British universities are funded as badly as British hospitals? Yes. More than most people realize, higher education has become globalized. The number of foreign students studying in developed countries has doubled over 20 years to 1.5 million. In the academic year 2004-05, the number of international students enrolled in U.S. higher education institutions exceeded half a million.


This is beneficial in more ways than one. Not only do they generally pay, they bring talent to their host institution. In effect, there is now an international competition among the world's universities to attract the most able students, particularly at the graduate level. As Western economies depend more and more on brains rather than brawn — on minds rather than on manufacturing — elite universities have a vital role to play not only for those working within their walls but for the society that surrounds them. They are gold mines for gray matter, oilfields for ideas.


The truly remarkable thing is that in this global market for brains, Britain is the No. 2 player after the United States. More than one in 10 students at British universities are from abroad. Oxford and Cambridge are the only two European universities in the internationally recognized top 20 rankings produced by Jiao Tong University in Shanghai (all the rest, apart from Tokyo University, are in the U.S.). That's pretty impressive for a state-run National Higher Education Service.


But the question is obviously this: What kind of signal does it send to an ambitious young Chinese student when British lecturers go on strike at examination time? Let me see … how about — in big, red letters — "APPLY TO HARVARD"?

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Niall Ferguson is a professor of history at Harvard University. He is the author of "Empire" (Basic Books, 2003) and "Colossus" (Penguin, 2004). Comment by clicking here.


05/23/06: World markets' wild ride: Economic volatility is back with a vengeance
05/16/06: The Cold Wars are coming
05/09/06: Many commentators are missing dangerous political shift
05/02/06: Put some sugar in your tank
04/25/06: Hu and the dog that didn't bark
04/18/06: Should Americans be less optimistic?
04/11/06: Globalization's second death?
04/04/06: So many ‘special’ friends
03/28/06: Let's get it right about what has gone wrong
03/21/06: Congress is trying to give the world a globotomy
03/14/06: Lame ducks can still bite back
03/07/06: A 19th Century critique of a 21st Century president
02/28/06: The crash of civilizations
02/21/06: Not the president, but close
02/14/06: Want historic trouble? Look south
02/07/06: Greenspan advising Britain? It's housing bubbles, deficits and potential meltdowns all over again
01/31/06: Missing the Cold War
01/24/06: It's a sick, Thick World
01/17/06: Tomorrow's world war today
01/03/06: Scotland, it's over, but keep the accents
12/20/05: History, democracy and Iraq
12/20/05: History, democracy and Iraq
11/22/05: Ghost of Napoleon haunts Tony Blair
11/22/05: Can it happen in Britain too?
11/15/05: Red plus blue equals purple
11/10/05: The fires of disintegration
11/01/05: Triumph of an über-wonk

© 2006, Los Angeles Times Distributed by Los Angeles Times Syndicate

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